X-Ray Diffraction Technique: A Powerful Method Of Characterizing Of Minerals From Mamuniyat Formation Concession NC174, Murzuq Basin, SW Libya
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Abstract
This study provides a comprehensive geochemical and mineralogical analysis of sediments from different wells in the Mamuniyat Formation Concession NC174, Murzuq Basin, located of South West Libya. The mineralogy of a series of twenty-two samples has been evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) on a quantitative basis using the SIROQUANT data processing technique. Based on these principles. The results show that eight minerals have been identified: quartz, microcline, kaolinite, illite, muscovite, chlorite, dolomite and siderite. The most common minerals are quartz, kaolinite, siderite, and illite. The diffraction patterns demonstrated that quartz is the dominant mineral phase in most samples, indicating high sedimentary maturity and strong resistance to chemical and mechanical weathering during transportation and deposition processes. kaolinite is the most abundant clay mineral within the formation and is mainly associated with the chemical alteration of potassium feldspars under acidic diagenetic fluids during early diagenesis. The inverse relationship observed between microcline and kaolinite indicates progressive dissolution and mineralogical transformation. illite represents a more advanced diagenetic stage associated with increasing burial pressure and structures, whereas clay minerals exhibit broader temperature ranges, while chlorite reflects depositional and diagenetic conditions enriched in iron and magnesium. Siderite and dolomite occur in limited amounts, suggesting reducing and oxygen-deficient environments during certain depositional and post-depositional stages.
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