The Relationship Between Teaching Styles in Physical Education and the Level of Psychological and Social Adjustment Among Secondary School Students

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The research aimed to identify the most common teaching styles in physical education, determine the level of psychological and social adjustment among students, and examine the relationship between teaching styles and the level of psychological and social adjustment. The research adopted the descriptive correlational method. The research population consisted of some secondary school students in regular schools, namely Al-Alalqa Secondary School and Al-Nahda Secondary School, in the Sabratha region during the academic year 2024/2025, aged between 15 and 18 years.

A sample of 68 students was selected using the stratified random sampling method. The sample was divided according to grade level: first, second, and third year of secondary school, in order to ensure fair representation of all levels. Stratified random sampling was used because it provides more accurate results in representing the original population.

The research relied on a modified scale to measure the relationship between teaching styles in physical education and the level of psychological and social adjustment. The scale consisted of three main dimensions and was specifically modified and designed for this research based on the integration of literature in physical education, psychological sciences, and social sciences, as well as relevant theoretical foundations and previous studies.

The most important results showed statistically significant differences in the level of psychological and social adjustment according to the different teaching styles. The results also confirmed the existence of a positive correlational relationship between the use of interactive and cooperative teaching styles and the increase in the level of social adjustment among students.