Spectrophotometric Determination of lisinopril dihydrate using dye bleaching method in pure and pharmaceutical drugs
الشريط الجانبي للمقالة
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
Through oxidizing Lisinopril dihydrate (LIS) with known excess N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) as an oxidizing agent, a spectrophotometric method based on the bleaching of 5,5′-indigo disulfonic acid sodium salt (IG) dye in an acidic medium is presented. This method is accurate, straightforward, and precise. The oxidizing agent residue functions as a bleach for the sodium salt (IG) color 5,5′-indigodisulfonic acid. After the experimental conditions were optimized, the dye's intensity was measured at 610 nm. Beer’s law was applied to the proposed method, and it was valid within a concentration range of 2.5–50 μg/mL, and the linear regression was R2 = 0.9968. The limit of quantitation was 2.5 μg/mL, and the molar absorptivity coefficient (ε) 1.8985×103 L/mol.cm, Sandell's sensitivity was 0.2325 μg/ . The tablet's excipients don't interact with anything. The current method worked well for determining the amount of lisinopril (LIS) in tablet formulation, with mean recoveries ranging from 98.24 to 102.1 per cent. The student’s t-and-F-test were used to statistically compare the data with those of a standard reference
تفاصيل المقالة
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
المراجع
W. Gul, Z. Augustine, S. Khan, K. Saeed, and H. Raees, “Methods of analysis of lisinopril: A Review,” J Bioequiv Availab, vol. 9, pp. 331–335, 2017.
E.-S. A. Arafa, E. H. M. Hassanein, R. M. Hussein, and W. R. Mohamed, “Impact of lisinopril on cisplatin-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and impaired steroidogenesis in rat testis: involvement of Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 and PPARγ signaling,” Naunyn-Schmiedeberg’s Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 398, no. 8, pp. 10509–10522, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s00210-025-03924-3.
A. J. Mohammed, H. H. Meteab, M. M. Z. Khudhur, and Sirhan, “Modification of Glass Waste and Use for Fractionation of Crude Oil,” Pakistan Journal of Analytical & Environmental Chemistry, vol. 25, no. 02, pp. 243–254, 2024, doi: 10.21743/pjaec/2024.12.06.
N. Ibrahim, M. Aminu, A. M. Ismail, A. Salisu, and G. Magaji, “Development of RP-HPLC method for the determination of lisinopril in human saliva,” West African Journal of Pharmacy, vol. 32, no. 1 SE-Articles, pp. 174–181, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.60787/wajp.vol32no1.363.
P. Zhu, D. Wang, C. Sun, and Z. Shen, “Characterization of impurities in the bulk drug lisinopril by liquid chromatography/ion trap spectrometry,” Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE B, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 385–390, 2008, doi: 10.1631/jzus.B0820031.
A. El-Gindy, A. Ashour, L. Abdel-Fattah, and M. M. Shabana, “Spectrophotometric, septrofluorimetric and LC determination of lisinopril,” Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, vol. 25, no. 5–6, pp. 913–922, 2001, doi: 10.1016/S0731-7085(01)00376-4.
F. A. El-Yazbi, H. H. Abdine, and R. A. Shaalan, “Spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods for the assay of lisinopril in single and multicomponent pharmaceutical dosage forms,” Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 819–827, 1999, doi: 10.1016/S0731-7085(98)00110-1.
S. Hillaert, K. De Grauwe, and W. Van Den Bossche, “Simultaneous determination of hydrochlorothiazide and several inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme by capillary electrophoresis,” vol. 924, pp. 439–449, 2001.
M. Sorrenti, L. Catenacci, D. L. Cruickshank, and M. R. Caira, “Lisinopril dihydrate: Single-crystal X-ray structure and physicochemical characterization of derived solid forms,” Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, vol. 102, no. 10, pp. 3596–3603, 2013.
M. C. Chappell, “Biochemical evaluation of the renin-angiotensin system: the good, bad, and absolute?,” American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, vol. 310, no. 2, pp. H137–H152, Oct. 2015, doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00618.2015.
K. Basavaiah and P. N. Gowda, “Utility of Redox Reactions for the Spectrophotometric Determination of Tinidazole in pure form and in dosage form,” Journal of Saudi Chemical Society, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 37–46, 2005.
A. Aboul-Kheir, H. Saleh, M. M. El-Henawee, and M. N. El-Din, “Spectrophotometric Estimation of Lisinopril and Cefixime in Bulk and Dosage Forms,” Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 90–97, 2012.
K.-Y. Choi, “Discoloration of indigo dyes by eco-friendly biocatalysts,” Dyes and Pigments, vol. 184, p. 108749, 2021.
S.-L. Wang, S.-Y. Lin, and T.-F. Chen, “Thermal-dependent dehydration process and intramolecular cyclization of lisinopril dihydrate in the solid state,” Chemical and pharmaceutical bulletin, vol. 48, no. 12, pp. 1890–1893, 2000.
I. Othman, R. M. Mohamed, and F. M. Ibrahem, “Study of photocatalytic oxidation of indigo carmine dye on Mn-supported TiO2,” Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, vol. 189, no. 1, pp. 80–85, 2007.
R. H Vekariya, S. N Panchal, K. D Patel, and H. D Patel, “Solvent and catalyst free, regioselective α-bromination of aralkyl ketones using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) under microwave irradiation: An efficient protocol,” Current Microwave Chemistry, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 61–68, 2015.
P. M. Bhandarkar and K. N. Mohana, “Oxidative cleavage of gabapentin with N-bromosuccinimide in acid medium: A kinetic and mechanistic study,” 2009.
T. H. Doaa, “The poetic deviation in the poetic collection (Qabas al-Ilham) By the poet Abdul Hassan Khudair Obaid Al-Muhyawy,” Sumer University Journal for humanity science, p. 307-324.,2024.
A. M. Sulaiman, A. M. Nejres, and A. M. Hussain, “Quantitative Determination of Sulfamethoxazole using various Spectroscopic Methods,” Hilla University College Journal For Medical Science, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 33–36, 2024.
N. S. Othman, A. M. Nejres, and R. J. Al-Ashow, “Spectrophotometric Determination of Tetracycline via Coupling with Diazotized m-Nitroaniline,” 2025.
B. Pharmacopoeia, “British Pharmacopoeia 2009.” British Pharmacopoeia Commission, 2009.
Nejres, A. et al., “A Review of the Approved Data on Methods for Quantitative Determination of Sulfadiazine in Pharmaceutical Formulations,” Iraqi J Pharm, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 20–30, 2025.
H. M. Toussaint, P. E. Roos, and S. Kolmogorov, “The determination of drag in front crawl swimming,” Journal of biomechanics, vol. 37, no. 11, pp. 1655–1663, 2004.
M. Shraitah and M. M. S. Okdeh, “New method for spectrophotometric determination of lisinopril in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations,” Mod Chem Appl, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 172–175, 2016.
G. Paraskevas, J. Atta-Politou, and M. Koupparis, “Spectrophotometric determination of lisinopril in tablets using 1-fluoro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene reagent,” Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 865–872, 2002.
N. Rahman, M. R. Siddiqui, and S. N. H. Azmi, “Spectrophotometric determination of lisinopril in commercial dosage forms using N-bromosuccinimide and chloranil,” Chemia analityczna, vol. 52, no. 3, p. 465, 2007.
N. Rahman, N. Anwar, and M. Kashif, “Application of π-acceptors to the spectrophotometric determination of lisinopril in commercial dosage forms,” Farmaco, vol. 60, no. 6–7, pp. 605–611, 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.farmac.2005.04.011.